{"id":11939,"date":"2020-06-04T13:53:43","date_gmt":"2020-06-04T03:53:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/traveltourexplore.com\/?p=11939"},"modified":"2020-06-19T17:18:54","modified_gmt":"2020-06-19T07:18:54","slug":"usa-civil-rights-time-line","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/traveltourexplore.com\/index.php\/2020\/06\/04\/usa-civil-rights-time-line\/","title":{"rendered":"USA African American Civil Rights"},"content":{"rendered":"

Time Line of USA Civil rights<\/h3>\n
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Something I like about travelling is learning about the history of places. I started this timeline for us after our tour with a History teacher in Clarksdale Mississippi. It wasn\u2019t meant to be posted but 2020 is turning out be to another historic moment in USA civil right history. African Americans have had to fight for every step they have taken forward. When Thomas Jefferson wrote \u2013 \u2018 We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness\u2019, the African Americans took him seriously.
\nI found out lots of interesting things I did not know, like Jefferson having six children to his slave Sally and Lincoln though it would be a good idea if the Africans left the US because he did not see how they could live together peaceably. The Tulsa massacre? I had never heard of it.<\/p>\n

USA Civil rights Time Line 1619 - 1860
\n1619 - A Dutch ship brings 20 Africans ashore.
\nIt is estimated that somewhere between 6 to 7 million slaves were imported to the new world.
\n(1770 Captain Cook Lands in Australia.)
\n1775 \u2013 1783 The American war of independence.
\n1776 \u2013 July 4. Congress approved final text of the declaration.
\n1793 - A young schoolteacher named Eli Whitney designed the cotton gin, a mechanical device that efficiently removed the seeds from the cotton. Cotton growing becomes so profitable planters increased their slave labour.
\n1801 \u2013 Thomas Jefferson 3rd President and writer of the Declaration of Independence owned 600 saves throughout his adult life. Sally Hemings enslaved woman owned by TJ had six children to him. George Washington also owned slaves.
\n1808 - Congress outlawed the import of new slaves, but the slave population in the U.S. nearly triples over the next 50 years.
\n1850 \u2013 1860 Harriet Tubman born into slavery, escaped, made 13 missions to rescue approx. 70 enslaved people. She used the \u2018Underground railroad\u2019 a network of secret routes and safe houses which help approx. 100,000 slaves escape. 1810 \u2013 1850.
\n1860 \u2013 Population of African Americans has reached nearly 4 million, with more than half living in the cotton\u2013producing states of the South.<\/p>\n

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1861 - 1918 <\/h3>\n
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1861 to 1865 - American Civil War.
\n1865 - Ratification of the 13th Amendment which abolishes slavery in the US. Except as a punishment for a crime.
\n1865 \u2013 Ku Klux Klan started in Pulaski in Tennessee, it was a private club for confederate veterans.
\n1868 \u2013 14th Amendment. Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalised in the US and granted all citizens equal protection of the laws.
\n1870 15th Amendment to the constitution granted black African American men the right to vote. It was only in 1920 that the 19th Amendment granted woman the right to vote.
\n1896 - Plessy v Ferguson. This case was all about Plessy a black man refusing to sit in the black section of a train. \u00a0 Important case because the Supreme Courts decision holds that racial segregation is constitutional, paving the way for the repressive Jim Crow laws in the South. \u2018Separate but equal\u2019 African Americans facilities like education and transport were inferior and underfunded. This Law was enforced until 1965. What made you black or coloured \u2013 The \u2018One drop rule\u2019 anyone with even one black ancestor, this was associated with the principle of invisible blackness.
\nThe name Jim Crow was from \u2018Jump Jim Crow\u2019 a black minstrel song and dance show. Jim Crow was a caricature of a black performed by a white in \u2018Blackface\u2019.
\nThe Jim Crow black codes were strict and detailed where and how former slaves could work and for how much. The legal system was stacked against them, and because former confederate soldiers worked as police many African Americans found themselves incarcerated and back as slaves again. - 13th Amendment allowed this.
\n1887 - Isaiah Montgomery created African American only town. Mound Bayou Mississippi. Still there today almost 100% black.
\n1914 \u2013 1918 World War one
\n1918 \u2013 Spanish flu<\/p>\n

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Cotton fields, antebellum plantations, slave markets<\/h3>